Blood count of patients of the dialysis ward in Mitrovica

Abstract

Laboratory blood examination is one of the most important indicators of the state of the organism. When we are sick, this analysis reveals where the focus is, but even when there are no clear symptoms, the blood count and biochemical parameters can indicate a smoldering, as yet undetected problem. Disturbances in the blood count and biochemical parameters can be a reason to suspect various pathological conditions such as: anemia, vitamin deficiency, autoimmune diseases, bone marrow diseases, infections, inflammation, thalassemia (lack of hemoglobin and red blood cells), and the negative effect of using different medicines...

- Any deviation, jump or fall, from normal values ​​does not always mean that the disease is present, just as values ​​in the "normal" range do not always mean the absence of the disease.

A blood test is a test that gives us not only an insight into the general state of health, but also serves to confirm the diagnosis of a particular disease. For example, if the doctor suspects an infection, a blood test can confirm that diagnosis based on accelerated sedimentation, elevated CRP value, changes in the leukocyte formula. In this way, it is possible to monitor the patient's health condition, the effects of the applied therapy, because taking certain medications can be reflected in the blood count.

- Through a blood examination, we get information about the parameters related to the basic components of blood, such as red blood cells that carry oxygen, white blood cells that help fight infection, and then blood platelets that are important for blood clotting.

 - We also check hemoglobin (the protein to which oxygen and carbon dioxide bind and is found in red blood cells), hematocrit (the proportion of cellular elements in the liquid part of the blood), and we can also gain indirect insight into the work of other organs such as the liver , kidneys, glands with internal secretion. Sometimes the results of the blood count need to be supplemented with a biochemical blood analysis. (Testa NG,Molineux G (ur). Haemopoiesis: A Practical approach. Oxford University Press, New York 1993). Biochemical analyzes involve testing numerous parameters whose values ​​provide insight into the functioning of individual organs and the organism as a whole.

- The goal of every laboratory analysis is to obtain accurate and reliable findings that will show whether changes have occurred in physiological functions and processes. (ISBT Committee on Terminology for Red Cell Surface Antigens). When it comes to laboratory testing of blood, it includes two types of analysis: those aimed at examining the type, number, relationship and appearance of cellular elements of the blood (blood count, hematological parameters) and others, which check the biochemical composition of the blood and based on that establishes the work or condition of individual organs and tissues.

- The goal of this work is to determine the biochemical and hematological status of patients in Mitrovica. The data are retrospective from the medical documentation (protocol) in the period from March 7, 2021 to March 7, 2022. In the regional hospital "Dr. Sami Haxhibeqiri", in Mitrovica.