State of the Art in Battery Technologies and Future Perspectives for Autonomous Naval Platforms

Abstract

This paper investigates the integration of advanced battery technologies within naval energy systems, with a particular emphasis on their application in autonomous surface vehicles (ASVs). The study examines key electrochemical storage solutions, such as Li-ion, lithium-titanate (LTO), and solid-state batteries, highlighting their operational advantages, technological limitations, and suitability for deployment in marine environments. As part of the experimental component, a robotic arm prototype designed for an ASV was developed using specialized engineering software. The power supply architecture was implemented through three series-connected Li-ion cells, and subsequently validated through circuit modeling in Fritzing. The experimental results demonstrate the reliability and efficiency of Li-ion accumulators as a viable energy source for naval applications, thus supporting the transition towards sustainable and hybrid electro-energy systems in maritime operations.